scraped tesla rim. MAKE CURB RASH DISAPPEAR - Tesla wheel touch-up paint for Model 3 Uberturbine / Performance rims conceals minor rim rash with little effort ;. scraped tesla rim

 
MAKE CURB RASH DISAPPEAR - Tesla wheel touch-up paint for Model 3 Uberturbine / Performance rims conceals minor rim rash with little effort ;scraped tesla rim  My wife scratched the last rim, and part of the quarter panel, but I try to put that one out of my mind

If your Tesla has scratched rims, there are a few ways you can go about fixing them. I bought this paint and applied it and the rims. MAKE CURB RASH DISAPPEAR - Tesla wheel touch-up paint for Model 3 Uberturbine / Performance rims conceals minor rim rash with little effort ;. You’re Done! All. #3. For example, some Tesla-recommended wheel repair services charge around $130 per wheel for curb rash repair, while Tesla charges $220 per wheel to replace the wheel. Large dents or scratches that a standard credit card can’t cover usually incur costs. What helped my ego was when someone commented that the wheels on Tesla’s are unusually wide, so this is not our fault ;) Reply(This was with a LR RWD w/ 18” wheels, which matches what I plan to buy except now they only offer AWD. Not worth worrying over it. Tesla seems to charge $85 per wheel to repair scratches. I was careful when taking them off and there are no scratches from the metal clips, but there are 5 little sharp plastic rectangle protrusions along the edges of the covers, and every single one left scratches on my wheels (5 scratched areas per. Lighter Wheels. And, since there are approximately eleventy billion. Probably want to get all four rims powder coated too now. Blog Hot New Questions Forums Tesla Model S Model 3 Model X Model Y Roadster 2008-2012 Roadster 202X Cybertruck SpaceX. Valheim Genshin Impact Minecraft Pokimane Halo Infinite Call of Duty: Warzone. During the winter I tool my M3 thru a number of different touchless car washes with no ill effects. If you take your Tesla to a body shop, they can charge you as little as $150 for minor scratches and up to $2,500 for deep paint scratches. Featuring our most durable material, RimSavers are light, strong, and resist tearing on impact. We fix wheel & rim damage such as scratched and/or bent alloy wheels and minor cracks. I imagine his car scrapes when he goes from the driveway to the road. Paint and similar defects are typically. Wheel Bands include a track and insert which offer multiple. MagBak RimCase - Wheel Protector for Tesla Model 3 & Y (4 Wheel Pack) I. It comes with a wheel scraper to smooth out the rough areas, paint and brush. Nov 15, 2020. It’s about 100-125 for one wheel (cheaper with more wheels) for mobile service. Wash the Wheel With Soapy Water. basically I have managed to damage the vehicle part just above the left rear wheel area where the “plastic” part (not the aluminium) has a few scratches and two narrow cracks. Marketplace. Community. Took the yellow paint off like magic. In this video you will learn how to repair Tesla induction wheels that have been scratched or gouged for under $30!Rustoleum Matte Black Wheel Paint. Nov 19, 2023. Even worse, the wider the crack, the higher the risk the weld will not last long. 7286 Penn Drive Bath, PA 18014. com. 69. $39 Curb Rash Repair Kit. Just make sure it’s non-acidic so you don’t damage your wheel. If wheel remanufacturing is necessary, our nationwide centers offer free pick-up and delivery, with a 24-hour turnaround in most cases. Advertisement Coins. 1 cm) surrounding it As. I think the wheels are wider set than other cars of similar size. Size: 20" x 9. Scraped the pain a little but he panel seems pushed out of place a little. so that the wheel hub will not appear scratched. If it were my car, I would try to get a small tool between the tire and the wheel and pull the very edge of the scraped area out just enough to get in there with a file and take the sharp edge off. Groups. She says it's sort of like a 5-mph bumper for her Tesla wheels . $208. It is definitely questionable. Today it. I would recommend him and. Contents (Jump to Topic) 1 Key Takeaways. Business, Economics, and Finance. I can’t fault you for being irritated. Please select the product you need. New. He is seriously the best! I scratched my rim and called so many auto shops. 1. I've got the 19" Gemini wheels on a new 2023 MYLR, and I *stupidly* scraped the curb while parking, along the front driver's side tire edge and the wheel rim. Most wheel repair shops cannot fix cracked wheels. . #1. In general, the rims cost of a Tesla model Y is $200 to $550. It is possible that wheel covers could do more damage to other parts of the wheel and will end up costing you more. Crypto245 reviews of The Wheel Guys "I have used Bryan and his company now, twice. If you’re looking for maximum wheel rim protection, RimSavers are the best product. 2. You'll sti. picturesHello, Was looking to just purchase the sports rims in either 19" or 20" directly from Tesla Parts but never able to get a hold of anyone on the phone. Jun 5, 2018 122 55 Los Angeles. Buckbeak said: I have a Model Y with the black 20" induction wheels. Text us one photo of each wheel you would like repaired for a free estimate. The ergonomic 3-inch rubber sanding block is perfectly sized for your hand and comfortable to use for removing the rough edges prior to. Cover up paint chips from road debris and rocks with the Tesla Paint Repair Kit. Tesla Vehicles. Great for Tesla curb rash repair. 1. Put in a service request that you want to buy parts, 4x Model 3 18” wheels or you can look up the specific part numbers here: DM me if you like. Delivery date 5/22/18. Upvote 0. Ta. Apply in light, even coats. I have a very tight, 100 year old driveway, and scraped the crap out of the black plastic above the tire. Go to YouTube and search for fixing Tesla wheel rash, easy to fix. This paint system is a two stage process of applying paint to cover the defect and then blending the excess paint to smooth the finish. **PLEASE BE CAREFUL USING SMART SUMMON WHEN PARKED NEXT TO A CURB**I curbed up my 21" Uberturbine wheel while using Smart Summon. Everything you need to repair curb rash on your 20" Tesla Model 3 grey Performance wheels. enough to repair multiple curb rash incidents should they ever happen. The 20" wheels can be ~7% more efficient that the 21" wheels. Shop Amazon for SONGVEN Black Wheel Scratch repair pen for Tesla Black Wheel Touch Up paint Waterproof Metal Wheel Repair Kit Rim Paint Alloy Wheel Paint and find millions of items,. Seems like there's almost enough of us for a class action suit. #8. VIN #197XX assigned on 4/30/18. First and foremost, you'll need to buy a bottle of wheel touch-up paint that. A complete scratch repair job typically costs around $3,500. —it only takes about 45 seconds!Love. (larger scrapes) $29 Touch-Up Paint. Your right. You can either use a DIY method, like using toothpaste or WD-40, or you can take it to a professional and have them repaired. As long as you documented the condition they were received in, Tesla is required to fix them if they sold it as new without documenting any damages and adjusting price accordingly. FIX your Curb Rash - Repair your Dented and Scratched wheel Quickly and Easily with Wheel Scratch Fix, suitable for any painted wheels. . Put a small amount of paint thinner on a lint-free cloth and use it to wipe down the rims. Called one business who wanted almost as much as a new wheel to repair the damage. Hitting a curb isn’t the only way to scratch a wheel. Scratched my Induction rims! Thread starter DadRS99; Start date Jul 16, 2020; D. The Curb Rash Repair Kit contains a 1/2 oz / 15 ml bottle of touch-up paint color-matched to the 18-inch Tesla Model 3 Aero wheel. Or the police. Public Events. 4 pounds by switching to 18-inch wheels. Refinishing your wheels means removing all the paint (usually by sandblasting), filing down any gouges or scratches, filling them, and then priming and painting the wheel. $39 Curb Rash Repair Kit. Try searching for wheel repair on yelp from your area. 4. 26. Size: The size of the rims is also an important factor to consider. Most kits include the same materials and recommend the same basic process:Using sandpaper, bondo, primer, and paint, you can remove scuffs from your wheels!New Tesla rims’ cost ranges from $100 to $600 per wheel for OEM wheels, while aftermarket wheels can cost up to $2,000 or even $10,000 for custom wheels. Regardless of the extent of the damage, you need to clean the wheel first. Buckbeak said: I have a Model Y with the black 20" induction wheels. Due to my poor parking skills, I’ve managed to slightly scrape one of the rims. 1 cm) surrounding it As you sand the scratches away and apply paint to cover your repairs, this will keep anything from getting on your tires. The curb will always win. If you want to learn how to DIY It's an interesting phenomenon. If the damage is only to the aero cover, then the purchase of a replacement cover would fix everything. Can a Scratched Tesla Rim be Repaired? Yes, of course, you can repair scratched rims. Finally,. Given that I do a fair bit of city driving and parallel parking, I can see this happening again, so I’d like to be able to repair. Wheel Bands™ add a defensive barrier to the wheel rim that can help reduce or avoid minor scratches and scuffs to rims from road hazards during low speed maneuvering and parking situations. Here are three different ways you can repair your wheels: 1. On most cars, when you brush the curb it’s the tires taking the hit cause they’re usually wider than the rim. 3. Put a small amount of paint thinner on a lint-free cloth and use it to wipe down the rims. Give your Tesla a distinctive look with these beautiful, futuristic wheel designs. Got a guy lined up to repair ours but the code Tesla gave me doesn’t match up with his paint database. Repeat steps 3 and 4 as necessary until the tire pressure is correct. Regardless of the extent of the damage, you need to clean the wheel first. L. Follow these simple steps or watch the installation video for guidance: Tesla Wheel Rim Protector for Tesla Accessories Installation Instruction. Tesla Rim Repair Steps. Configured 4/6/18. Anyways, any thoughts on how to fix this, short of buying a new rim? The. Anybody used any rim buffing products they can recommend? I'm not well versed in the automobile maintenance (hence why I got a Tesla), got a couple scratches from curbs around the edges of the rims,. If you discover its value is low (for example, less than $8,000), fixing curb rash may not be worth it. 43. I upgraded to the 18. Just got a nice curb rash on my rim but managed to fix it myself for $28 with Dremmel, sandpaper and some spray paint from Home Depot. . Michelin has a two year road hazard warranty, I just had a more serious 2. Store Hours. The kind of curb-grazing that leads to curb-rash with say a Pilot Sport 4 on a Model 3 would have just resulted in. Sanding block and sanding discs to smooth wheel scrapes before applying touch-up paint. Car is a Tesla Model…Great for Tesla curb rash repair. 1. Wheel repair is a thing. 27. Paint Thinner: Apply a small amount of paint thinner to clean the area further and prepare it for painting. Donate Your Car Rims And Tires. Great for Tesla curb rash repair. Tesla Model Y 2021, 19" Refinished 7 Double-Spoke Bright Fine Silver Full Face PIB Alloy. . The service was performed at my house. Media New media Search media. Scratched rims can easily become rusty, which can weaken the structure of the rim and cause it to fail. It seems that it may work for 2018 rims and before but would these. Santa Cruz, CA. The Curb Rash Repair Kit contains a 1/2 oz / 15 ml bottle of touch-up paint color-matched to the 20-inch Tesla Model Y Induction wheel. Today it remains the largest and most dynamic community of Tesla enthusiasts. 4 Step 4: Perfect the Surface. Paint defects fall under Tesla’s Basic Limited Warranty, which is valid for 4 years or 50,000 miles. Tesla charges about $200 each time to switch. Another option is the curb rash kit from Zink Wheels. . I used Duplicolor Filler Primer as well as Duplicolor Acrylic Enamel and Gloss Clear Coat. A forum for discussion of the Tesla Model 3 Electric Vehicle. Bigriver, Quicksilver, msjulie and 5 others. 69. Our one month old Tesla's rim got scraped and "rashed" when someone who will remain nameless (not me) got too close to the curb. Blog Hot New Questions Forums Tesla Model S Model 3 Model X Model Y Roadster 2008-2012 Roadster 202X Cybertruck SpaceX. . I’ve had better half scrape same passenger front wheel a couple of times, and it was very reasonable. I have seen a lot of talk about the Dupli-Color AFM0360 Dark Shadow Gray Ford from Amazon but wasn't sure if this was toward a specific model year. Driving in an unfamiliar parking area, I did an over correction avoiding a pedestrian and ‘crunch’, I scrapped the rim on my M3. One chip less than or equal to 1/4” in diameter, not in the driver’s line of sight. 1375 posts · Joined 2016. Best Wheel & Rim Repair in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, CA - D S Mobile Wheel Repair, Dr. Aug 13, 2021 19 11 Boston. In NJ willing to drive anywhere to get this fixed. In Sacramento, the Tesla recommended wheel repair service charges $130 per wheel. 331. Log in Register. Blog Hot New Questions Forums Tesla Model S Model 3 Model X Model Y Roadster 2008-2012 Roadster 202X Cybertruck SpaceX. Chapel Hill Tire offers new tires for all vehicles. Community. BennyP said: Hoping someone can help me here please because this is driving me crazy. Normal. Before you begin your DIY repair, you’ll want to collect the necessary. Today it remains the largest and most dynamic. Apr 24, 2019. Visiting a professional body shop will give your scratched Tesla more detailed repair services. Victoria - 2224 Douglas St 2224 Douglas St Victoria, BC V8T 4L5. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. Discover a better way to get your wheels repainted, repaired and scratch-free with Pro Auto Repairs. #8. 27. #9 · Mar 15, 2018. Apr 8, 2023. Our 2017-2022 Tesla Model 3 18” x 8. Overview. Agree. First, lets have a look at the damage. Apply the product to the damaged area using a microfibre car cloth or soft detailing brush and give it a good scrub in small, circular motions. verb: To scrape your rims on the curb when parking. Hello, I have officially finally curb rashed one of my 2022 Model 3 18" Aero Rims. Scratched Wheels. I’d say the same for ride quality. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. 2. Media New media Search media. But not sure on the rim, it just chipped on the thick part of rim where the tire meets the rim. Just drive the car on top of the bags. EASY DIY RIM RASH SOLUTION - Tesla rim touchup paint is easy to apply and dries quickly, minor curb rash jobs can be completed in an hour or two ; HIGH QUALITY TOUCH UP PAINT - This high-quality professionally-mixed automotive-grade wheel touchup paint conceals curb rash scrapes much better than paint pens and discount touch-up. Buy new tires. #1 I wound up scratching my 21" wheel yesterday, hitting a small curb that had no business being there. We can fix it. Podcast. $357. 30 bucks and an extra day to deliver. Step 1: Clean the rim with a wet towel and wait for it to dry. DIY Curb Rash repair. Posted by u/zodiase - 1 vote and 3 commentsCurb rash is a common problem when a car’s wheels scrape against a curb or other hard surface. . Wheel Refinishing Pasadena. Edit: or you can do like me; I recently bought a used car and all 4 wheels were scraped to shit. . Range loss with the different wheel options. Make your wheels look great again. The Curb Rash Repair Kit contains a 1/2 oz / 15 ml bottle of touch-up paint color-matched to the 19-inch Tesla Model Y Gemini wheel. I got the Gun Metal finish which looks great IMO compared to the Matte Black variant. I messed up my Uberturbine wheel on my 2022 Tesla Model Y Performance after only 1 week of owning the vehicle. I have used it several times and it's a pretty close match. The recent discovery of a reconditioned wheel on a Tesla that came into a collision repair shop in California serves as a reminder to repairers, and perhaps new information entirely for vehicle own…Wheel looks OK, but that sharp edge should be ground down. The M3 manual specifically cautions against traditional car washes and recommends only touches car washes. Cracked rims are the most difficult type of wheel damage to repair. Aug 16, 2018 202 55 Southern California. Driving at 10mph in the middle of the road may help protect your wheels, but it isn’t going to impress other road users. The problem is that MANY MANY of the people driving them are coming from SUV's or trucks or economy type cars (sub 15 or 16" rims). You can grind and polish it out; I have done that on a couple wheels, they looked fine. Wheel looks OK, but that sharp edge should be ground down. They referred me to corporate, they admitted they did it, and they paid for 4 new Uberturbine rims put on by Tesla for about $3600. She apparently thought the there was something wrong with the car, bc she had to use a lot of gas when turning into her spot. I won’t be the only one driving the car, so it’s not as simple as just being careful. I just got the car for less then a week. Then spray a clear coat over the wheel to seal it in. One chip less than or equal to 1/4” in diameter, not in the driver’s line of sight. Everything you need to repair curb rash on your 20" Tesla Model Y Induction wheels. Higher sidewall makes it easier for the rubber to be outside the edge of the wheel. Please select the product you need. You can breathe a sigh of relief and enjoy your beautiful wheels again! Bonus Tips For Repairing Tesla Wheel Curb Rash. Here are before and after. I called a mobile rim repair guy with great reviews. Save Time and Money. 1) Paint. Specialties: Scraped your wheels? Don't worry. One repair shop says they will repair with power coat and the other with paint. 5 Alloy Factory Wheel - Replica (ALY96276U35N) 0. Jul 8,. They are all sold together with wheels and tires. Big motivator to learn curb repair on wheels though. Not only do we sell wheels, we also fix them! A scratched surface may not be the only problem with. Monday 10:00am - 5:00pm. Blog Hot New Questions Forums Tesla Model S Model 3 Model X Model Y Roadster 2008-2012 Roadster 202X Cybertruck SpaceX. has anyone found a good DIY solution to repairing the 19” sport rims. Remove the around covers, sand down the damaged areas until smooth. 2. A detailer could help with that. Just tell them it was the Brit who had them paint and then store their 21” tesla wheels last summer Sound Wheel Works 14320 NE 21st St, Bellevue, WA 98007 (425) 449-8110 Google Maps. Thanks. Thankfully Zolug came to the rescue to repair. Specialties: We Make Your Scraped, Bent or Damaged Wheels Look Like NEW! We offer many services including Curb Rash Repair, Powder Coating, Wheel Straightening and Repair, Machined Finish/Diamond-Cut Resurfacing, Color Change, and Wheel Polishing. For accessories and other useful items, check out Costco’s great selection of auto & truck accessories. Refinish Your Wheels. How to wheel curb rash on a modern car here: Straight forward video on How To Repair Damage on Your Car: to repair mild curb rash on black wheels without using bondo. . Damage to the tire. #2 · Dec 3, 2018. Scraped, scuffed, bent, dented, or otherwise damaged wheels can detract from the appearance of a nice vehicle, but. Curb Rash Repair and Rim Touch-Up Paint for 19" Tesla Model S Grey Tempest Aero Wheels. Since I had to park in very narrow streets, I had the Alloygator mounted on my previous P85+, and they protected the rims, but at one point in time my tire pressure was dropping as a result of alligator rings pushing the tire from the rim. It seems that many new Tesla owners come from somewhat generic cars, and have never thought about being careful around curbs before. No primer or clear coat needed, but can be used for added durability. Kim, from the popular 'Like Tesla' youtube channel, recently demonstrated her preferred DIY solution for dealing with "curb rash" by affixing a set of Wheel Bands to her Model X rims as a pre. It sucks that the owners have to learn the hard way on such nice wheels, but it's probably. Tesla charges about $200 each time to switch. We are the easiest way to donate a car! We come to you with free towing and vehicle pick up. Yes and no. Sep 21, 2021 #3. He makes it really simple by coming to your home or office. It protects your rims from curb damage while enhancing your Tesla’s looks. A. B. I got the dreaded text from the wife recently that she had hit a curb with the Tesla Model Y. 2) Sand the Affected Area. I chalk this up to the narrow and high inflation tires that Tesla uses to decrease rolling resistance. It also took a small chunk out of the tire. Links to products f. My Car Repair Dubai is the leading auto center for rims services in Al Quoz, Dubai, UAE. In this video you will learn how to repair Tesla induction wheels that have been scratched or gouged for under $30!Rustoleum Matte Black Wheel Paint on Amazo. 19K views 10 months ago. enough to repair multiple curb rash incidents should they ever happen. Or the police. $39 Curb Rash Repair Kit. In fact, donating your whole car to Wheels For Wishes is a fast, easy and beneficial process. We apply our technical expertise and high-grade equipment to erase these unsightly blemishes. Whether you’re looking for a Tesla from 2012 Tesla to 2023 Tesla, we have used and repairable Tesla cars across 170+ locations in the USA and Canada. The repair process begins with a thorough cleaning and examination of the wheel, identifying all areas of damage. Was a parallel parking. Cover the tire and the valve stem (if near the damaged area). Also, it’s worth picking up the model 3 wide-angle side mirrors to lessen the likelihood of it occurring in the future. Mobile Wheel Repair Service. Have a steep driveway into garage and every. Other factors include labor costs or additional components needed to complete the repair. Apr 22, 2021. Martinsville, Virginia, United States. The next time your wheels need repair, call the wheel rash repair professionals at Curb Rash. Kit includes sanding block, discs, and professionally color-matched Tesla wheel touch up paint. When I went to replace that chunk that was stripped off, I thought I'd be clever and buy a much cheaper version. But once you’re up close you can tell they’re covers. This costs $30-$40, and involves prepping the damaged wheel and concealing the scrape with a bottle of specially-formulated wheel touch-up paint. Great for Tesla curb rash repair. Includes Tesla wheel touch up paint. Vendors. Easy To Use - No need to be a professional, no need to go the body shop, just an EASY 3 Steps Process with everything you need in a kit. The versatility of the Rtrim Pillar Trim Wraps to be used on a variety of pillar trims showcases the brand's dedication to providing adaptable and practical solutions. If you have deep gashes use Bondo to fill them in then paint and clear coat over with the duplicolor others have mentioned. Mask the entire car so only the damaged rims are showing. Tesla Model Y 2021, 19" Refinished 7 Double-Spoke Bright Fine Silver Full Face PIB Alloy. Is it how Tesla design their rim? Seems so easy to get curb rash . Repair Curb Rash and Damage from $109. Tools: Rotary burr - Mine is a on a knockoff dremel with a flex shaft to be able to maneuver - used one about 1cm / 1/2" long 'flame' tip so it's nice and curvy. Tesla Wheel Curb Rash Repair Kit for Model Y 20-inch Black Induction R. Matches Model 3 Aero. The process to repair a curbed wheel also can vary but typically involves removing all dirt, paint and protective finishes. First and foremost, you'll need to buy a bottle of wheel touch-up paint that matches the color of your wheels. Replace® 10 Turbine-Spoke Black Pearl Metallic 22x10 Alloy Factory Wheel - Remanufactured (ALYTA025U45) 0. The rim protector provides long-term protection of the wheel rim while covering any rashes that have developed. In case you didn’t know, be careful using smart summon pulling your car in and out of a spot next to a curb because the side cameras will not “see” the curb. I've never seen so many curbing posts on other luxury car forums like this before. Restore the cool look of your low. On most wheels, the tire is wider and the tires are the things that hit the curb and the wheels are protected. I used Duplicolor Filler Primer as well as Duplicolor Acrylic Enamel and Gloss Clear Coat. Another tactic that helps is if there is a way to drive over the bump so that only one side of the car's wheels rides over the bump while the other side's wheels sneak through a break in the bump as they often have a gap in the middle - do that. Shop Amazon for SONGVEN Black Wheel Scratch repair pen for Tesla Black Wheel Touch Up paint Waterproof Metal Wheel Repair Kit Rim Paint Alloy Wheel Paint and find millions of items,. Mask the entire car so only the damaged rims are showing. Here are before and after. Smaller wheels mean lighter wheels—in this particular example, the reviewer managed to save a total of 34. Windshield cracks and scraped bumpers also fall outside the “wear-and-tear” umbrella. But that's all I can say. 1 - 6 of 6 results. 2. Otherwise, bending the rim can be $50 or less Tesla's rim is easy to curb rash, who wants to drive a beautiful Tesla with a scraped-up wheel? Rim rash repairs cost $150+ each, and new third-party wheels can cost hundreds of dollars. . Public Events. Mobile wheel repair and rim repair - WheelsOnsite. Oct 24, 2017. Mar 20, 2021. Tesla accessory idea- wheel cover spikes. 97. Make curb rash disappear like a government UFO cover-up. I have curb rash on three of the rims. As slowly as I backed out, the angle caused the front bumper to scrape the driveway when the wheel dropped from the steeply inclined curb. #1. I once scraped both wheels on my passenger side in one day and it ruined my day (and ego). Wheel Resotration || How to Repair and Restore Wheel Curb Rash and Rim Scratches with these easy to follow steps! How to repair rims with deep scratches and. 12-18 Tesla Model S ALL Rim Savers/Rim Blades Wheel Protectors Pick Color | eBay . It's an interesting phenomenon. United States. I once scraped both wheels on my passenger side in one day and it ruined my day (and ego). Tesla does not cover your tires or wheels even though the original tire manufacturer would but you have to go to some other tire shop and not a Tesla shop. Formed in 2006, Tesla Motors Club (TMC) was the first independent online Tesla community. F. Or.